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Gakujoshi (gaku-choshi, or "Gagaku (court music) tuning")
was introduced to solo koto performance technique during the 19th century
for accompanying folksongs and other popular songs. Gakujoshi consists
of the pentatonic scale: D, E, G, A, C. The tuning contrasts with
the standard solo koto tuning, hirajoshi, since
it does not contain any half-step intervals between any adjacent
strings. Gakujoshi is similar in character to the tuning nogijoshi which also uses only wholetones.
Here are the pitches to which the strings of the koto are tuned
in gakujoshi when the tonic of the scale is D:
| string: |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
| Gaku-choshi |
|
D4 |
G3 |
A3 |
C4 |
D4 |
E4 |
G4 |
A4 |
C5 |
D5 |
E5 |
G5 |
A5 |
|
